What is not considered "Appraisal" according to the provided definitions?

In the context of the question, "Appraisal" generally refers to various methods used to assess individual abilities, attitudes, and behaviors. Among the provided definitions, evaluating what is not classified as "Appraisal" is essential for understanding the distinction in types of assessments.

Nonstandardized methods for understanding behavior do not fit the definition of appraisal as they lack the structured approach typically associated with standardized testing and assessments. These methods may offer insights into behavior but certainly do not align with the formalized process involved in appraisal, which is more systematic and quantifiable.

In contrast, scoring standardized tests is a critical component of appraisal, as these tests are designed to measure specific skills or knowledge based on established norms, and interpreting individual abilities and attitudes directly falls under appraisal activities, as they involve analysis and evaluation of a person's competencies and perspectives.

The option identified as not being considered 'Appraisal' pertains specifically to instruments requiring specialized psychological training. While such instruments may play a role in some forms of assessment, they do not necessarily constitute the overall process of appraisal, which can encompass a broader range of evaluation methods that do not always need specialized training. Therefore, this is the reason it does not align with the general concept of appraisal as defined in the context of these definitions.